1. C\u00e1m g\u1ea1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1m g\u1ea1o (n\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c t\u1ebb) m\u1edbi xay, m\u00e0u h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, m\u1ecbn, th\u01a1m..<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef3;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh kh\u00f4 t\u00e1o c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n (v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m cho v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn B\u1ea1ch tru\u1eadt, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng tru\u1eadt, X\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed3…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. G\u1ea1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea1o n\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea1o t\u1ebb, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng g\u1ea1o n\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m th\u01a1m v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn Nhung h\u01b0\u01a1u, Nh\u00e2n s\u00e2m….<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. N\u01b0\u1edbc vo g\u1ea1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea1o m\u1edbi vo c\u1ee7a g\u1ea1o t\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea1o n\u1ebfp; n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, \u0111\u1eb7c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f9i chua, ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9i l\u1ea1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Lo\u1ea1i b\u1edbt v\u1ecb ch\u00e1t c\u00f3 trong d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m cho v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u00f4 \u0111\u1ecf, H\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u00f4 tr\u1eafng, Th\u1ea1ch x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed3, X\u1ea1 can…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Gi\u1ea5m<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5m thanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: b\u00fan, chu\u1ed1i… th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t trong, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb chua, m\u00f9i gi\u1ea5m, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 acid acetic t\u1eeb 3,6-5,0 %, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– D\u1eabn thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o kinh can;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t huy\u1ebft, kh\u1ee9 \u1ee9;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– H\u00e0nh kh\u00ed, gi\u1ea3m \u0111au \u201cth\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf tr\u00fa can chi nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ed1ng\u201d;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– H\u00f2a ho\u00e3n t\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1ee3c, gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m gi\u00f2n c\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn, kh\u1eed m\u00f9i h\u00f4i, tanh nh\u01b0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn Di\u00ean h\u1ed3 s\u00e1ch, Tam l\u0103ng, Nga tru\u1eadt, H\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5… Mi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p t\u00f4i gi\u1ea5m…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. R\u01b0\u1ee3u (t\u1eedu)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t t\u1eeb g\u1ea1o, ng\u00f4, s\u1eafn… \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean men, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ethanol 30-40 %.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– D\u1eabn thu\u1ed1c l\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau (l\u00e0m th\u0103ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00ed);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh h\u00e0n;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t huy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng kinh ho\u1ea1t l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn Ho\u00e0ng li\u00ean, Ho\u00e0ng b\u00e1, \u0110\u1ea1i ho\u00e0ng, S\u01a1n th\u00f9 du, Th\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, H\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u00f4 \u0111\u1ecf, Ng\u01b0u t\u1ea5t, Xuy\u00ean khung, \u0110an s\u00e2m…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. D\u1ea7u v\u1eebng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c (khi r\u00e1n d\u1ea7u);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m cho v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00f2n, x\u1ed1p, d\u1ec5 nghi\u1ec1n t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn M\u00e3 ti\u1ec1n, Tam th\u1ea5t…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7. D\u1ecbch g\u1eebng t\u01b0\u01a1i (Sinh kh\u01b0\u01a1ng)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7 g\u1eebng t\u01b0\u01a1i, gi\u00e0 (ch\u1eafc, th\u01a1m) r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, th\u00e1i m\u1ecfng, gi\u00e3 n\u00e1t, v\u1eaft l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1t, gi\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp, th\u00eam n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n, v\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1ecbch t\u1ea9m thu\u1ed1c. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00eam v\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng t\u00ednh \u1ea5m cho v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c (t\u0103ng t\u00ednh d\u01b0\u01a1ng);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 ho, h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eddm;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ng\u1ee9a, t\u00ednh k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 th\u01a1m v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c (x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn B\u00e1n h\u1ea1, Th\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, \u0110\u1ea3ng s\u00e2m\u2026..<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8. M\u1eadt ong<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt luy\u1ec7n (m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u s\u00f4i, v\u1edbt b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p, s\u00e1p, x\u00e1c ong… r\u1ed3i l\u1ecdc). M\u1eadt luy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u01a1m ng\u1ecdt, m\u00e0u h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng, s\u00e1nh. T\u00f9y theo lo\u1ea1i m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 pha th\u00eam l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00edch t\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef3;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhu\u1eadn ph\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 ho, h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eddm;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– H\u00f2a ho\u00e3n d\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn Tang b\u1ea1ch b\u00ec, T\u1eed uy\u1ec3n, Kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f4ng hoa, Ti\u1ec1n h\u1ed3, B\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p, T\u1ef3 b\u00e0 di\u1ec7p, Cam th\u1ea3o, Ho\u00e0ng k\u1ef3, Ma ho\u00e0ng….<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9. V\u0103n c\u00e1p (b\u1ed9t v\u1ecf h\u00e0u, h\u1ebfn) ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t th\u1ea1ch<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ecf h\u00e0u, h\u1ebfn ng\u00e2m, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, ph\u01a1i, nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, t\u00e1n l\u1ea5y b\u1ed9t m\u1ecbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– \u0110\u1ec3 sao kh\u00f4 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 cao ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt tr\u00e1nh d\u00ednh v\u00e0o nhau ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y ch\u1ea3o;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u00f9i h\u00f4i, tanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– L\u00e0m cho v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00f2n, d\u1ec5 t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t, khi b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn A giao, cao Ban long…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
10. Mu\u1ed1i \u0103n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i \u0103n s\u1ea1ch. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i \u0103n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 natri clorid (NaCl).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– D\u1eabn thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o kinh th\u1eadn, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed5 can th\u1eadn;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhu\u1eadn h\u1ea1, l\u1ee3i ti\u1ec3u;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u0103ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 \u00e2m, gi\u00e1ng h\u1ecfa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf Ph\u1ee5 t\u1eed, Ba k\u00edch, Tr\u1ea1ch t\u1ea3, Ho\u00e0ng b\u00e1…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
11. Ph\u00e8n chua (mu\u1ed1i k\u00e9p c\u1ee7a nh\u00f4m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch ph\u00e8n chua<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– T\u1ea9y r\u1eeda c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ng\u1ee9a, k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u1ecdng, ch\u1ea5t nh\u1edbt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, th\u1ed1i r\u1eefa, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u00f4i thiu trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean nam tinh, B\u00e1n h\u1ea1, Ho\u00e0i s\u01a1n…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
12. V\u00f4i t\u00f4i<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i (n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i t\u00f4i), th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Calci hydroxyd (Ca(OH)2<\/sub>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Lo\u1ea1i b\u1edbt c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ng\u1ee9a, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u1ecfng, th\u1ed1i r\u1eefa (khi ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tinh b\u1ed9t);<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecbt, t\u1ee7y, m\u1ee1…\u1edf x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ea5u cao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf B\u00e1n h\u1ea1, Ho\u00e0i s\u01a1n..<\/p>\n\n\n\n 13. C\u00e1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1t s\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u1edbt b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i, g\u1ea1n b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – D\u00f9ng c\u00e1t l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trung gian \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 sao l\u00ean cao (220-250\u00b0C).<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u cho v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n b) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn M\u1ea1ch m\u00f4n, C\u1ea9u t\u00edch, C\u1ed1t to\u00e1i b\u1ed5, Xuy\u00ean s\u01a1n gi\u00e1p, M\u00e3 ti\u1ec1n…<\/p>\n